Bee Variety Assortment

From 2009 so you’re able to 2018, 192 bee varieties (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) was indeed stuck when you look at the Calanques National Playground thru each other net and bowl trap collections. They belonged in order to half dozen family and you can 38 genera. Megachilidae try one particular kinds-rich members of the family, accompanied by Apidae and Halictidae, that have 53, forty-two, and you can 43 kinds, respectively. Andrena Fabricius, 1775 try the fresh new wealthiest genus, which have 33 kinds, while eight genera had been represented of the only one variety (Stelis Panzer, 1806; Protosmia Ducke, 1900; Pseudoanthidium Friese, 1898; Coelioxys Latreille, 1809; Chelostoma Latreille, 1809; Anthidiellum Cockerell, 1904; Amegilla Friese, 1897; Panurgus Panzer, 1806; Supp Desk 1 [online only] ). By using the jackknife 1 and you will dos indexes, the complete bee varieties fullness is actually estimated are between ± 9.89 and you may ± . Brand new observed fullness therefore portrayed 71.3 to help you 79.6% of your own projected bee fullness ( Dining table dos). The latest Chao1 strategy estimated new noticed fullness getting 76.8% of prospective limitation fullness ( Table 2). The essential abundant species is Apis mellifera L. (276 some body), followed by Rhodanthidium septemdentatum (Latreille, 1809), Rh. sticticum (Fabricius, 1787) (174 and you will 168 some one, respectively), and you can Lasioglossum transitorium (Shenck, 1868) (113 some body). Ultimately, fifty varieties (26%) was depicted from the just one individual (singletons).

Environment Qualities from Bees

About your ecological traits of nesting tastes, i known 59 single bee variety nesting above crushed, ninety five unmarried bee kinds nesting below ground and you can 23 cleptoparasitic kinds, equal to 29.7, 47.9, and you may twelve.0% of the overall bee variety richness, respectively. I sensed four social kinds (bumble bees and you may honey bees-dos.1%). Finally, the new nesting tastes of 14 species are nevertheless unfamiliar (seven.3%- Supp Dining table step 1 [on the internet simply] ). Pomona hookup website Regarding the floral eating plan away from bee species, i unearthed that 105 kinds (54.7%) foraged to your many bush types (i.age., generalist variety, polylectic) and 51 species (twenty six.5%) foraged on a single bush members of the family or you to/pair plant types (i.age., pro varieties, oligolectic). Toward leftover thirty six bee types (18.8%), the floral diet wasn’t known (elizabeth.grams., having cleptoparasitic variety). Yet not, really generalist variety displayed a preference for starters or several plant family members ( Supp Dining table step one [on line just] ). With the 44 singletons, fourteen bee kinds (28%) were specialists, and you can nine bee kinds (18%) was cleptoparasitic ( Supp Desk step 1 [on line merely] ).

An IUCN status is readily available for 178 types (leaving out this new variety buildings and you will not known species). One of those, 47 species were categorized because research lacking (DD-twenty-six.4%), 124 kinds was basically minimum concerned (LC-69.6%), half a dozen types was indeed near endangered (NT-step three.4%; Andrena ovatula (Kirby, 1802), Colletes albomaculatus (Lucas, 1849), Dasypoda argentata Panzer, 1809, Halictus quadricinctus (Fabricius, 1776), Lasioglossum prasinum (Smith, 1848), and you may L. pygmaeum (Schenck, 1853)), plus one kinds was experienced threatened (EN-0.6%; L. soror (Saunders, 1901)- Supp Desk step 1 [online merely] ). Around three oligolectic kinds was in fact one of the seven threatened bee species. A beneficial. ovatula and you may C. albomaculatus was specialist towards Fabaceae, D. argentata is actually a professional toward Caprifoliaceae.

From 2009 in order to 2018, 38 species of hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) were trapped for the Calanques National Park. It belonged so you’re able to twenty four genera ( Supp Desk dos [on line only] ). Many abundant genera was indeed Paragus Latreille, 1804 (33 people), Meliscaeva Frey, 1946 (14 some body), and Sphaerophoria Lepeletier de- Saint-Fargeau Audinet-Serville in Latreille, 1828 (13 people), whereas 20 variety (53%) was in fact portrayed by the only 1 individual ( Supp Table dos [on line merely] ). The new bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) were illustrated from the 20 kinds, along with five singletons (25%) ( Supp Dining table step three [on line only] ). Brand new estimation regarding full kinds fullness regarding hover flies and you can bee flies is between 83 and you can 97 varieties by using the jackknife 1 and you will 2 spiders, correspondingly. For that reason, brand new observed fullness depicted 59.8–69.9% of your estimated hover travel and bee fly fullness ( Table 2).